Circulating Omentin Levels in Heart Failure: A Case–Control Study

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of global mortality, with heart failure (HF) representing a critical clinical endpoint. HF is traditionally classified into two distinct phenotypes based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, LVEF < 40%) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF, LVEF > 50%). While HFrEF is well-characterized and responsive to conventional pharmacological therapies, HFpEF remains therapeutically challenging due to its complex pathophysiology involving metabolic comorbidities and systemic inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests that adipokines may play a role in these inflammatory pathways. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare circulating levels of omentin, a recently discovered visceral adipose tissue-derived adipokine, in patients with HFrEF and HFpEF. This study reports that omentin levels were significantly lower in both HFpEF and HFrEF compared to controls. Moreover, omentin is inversely correlated to BMI and significantly lower in HF subjects with COPD than in those with no medical history of COPD. In conclusion, omentin may represent a potential biological signal in heart failure; however, further validation in broader populations is necessary to establish its clinical relevance.