Under Italian corporate law, minority shareholders dissenting from the general assembly’s resolution to change the legal form of the company have the right to exit and timely obtain the fair value of their shares. Under the influence of the European regulation, the special set of domestic rules relating to the transformation of cooperative banks into joint stock companies authorizes the management board of the bank to impose sharp limitations on the right of dissenting shareholders to obtain the fair value of their shares. In this respect, the law aims at carefully balancing conflicting interests: on the one hand, the public interest in preserving the stability and efficiency of the banking system and, on the other hand, the private interest of bank’s dissenting shareholders in being protected from the risk of suffering an expropriation of the value of their investment in the bank to be transformed. Within this context, the Italian Constitutional Court has recently ruled in favour of the legitimacy of those restrictions, as they would implement European law and could be considered in line with previous findings of the European Court of Justice and the jurisprudence of the European Convention on Human Rights. The Article draws on this ruling to explore the possibility to advance a conceptual framework for a “banking constitutional law” based on the general principles of proportionality and reasonableness of the legislative measures.
La disciplina dei limiti al rimborso delle azioni dei soci recedenti in caso di trasformazione di una banca popolare in s.p.a. tenta di realizzare un bilanciamento tra interessi opposti ma egualmente rilevanti sul piano costituzionale: da un lato, quello alla stabilità e alla efficienza dell’impresa bancaria, in quanto condizioni necessarie per assicurare piena tutela al pubblico risparmio; dall’altro, quello del singolo azionista recedente dalla banca a non subire alcuna espropriazione del valore del proprio investimento. Chiamata a pronunciarsi sulla legittimità di tale bilanciamento, la Corte Costituzionale, con sentenza del 15 maggio 2018, n. 99, si è espressa nel senso della compatibilità della disciplina con la Costituzione e con i principî europei in materia di tutela della proprietà. Lo scritto analizza i passaggi essenziali della decisione e ne propone una lettura orientata al tentativo di ricostruire i fondamenti generali di un diritto costituzionale delle società bancarie.
Trasformazione delle popolari e limiti al rimborso delle azioni: frammenti di un diritto costituzionale delle società bancarie
MAUGERI M
2018-01-01
Abstract
Under Italian corporate law, minority shareholders dissenting from the general assembly’s resolution to change the legal form of the company have the right to exit and timely obtain the fair value of their shares. Under the influence of the European regulation, the special set of domestic rules relating to the transformation of cooperative banks into joint stock companies authorizes the management board of the bank to impose sharp limitations on the right of dissenting shareholders to obtain the fair value of their shares. In this respect, the law aims at carefully balancing conflicting interests: on the one hand, the public interest in preserving the stability and efficiency of the banking system and, on the other hand, the private interest of bank’s dissenting shareholders in being protected from the risk of suffering an expropriation of the value of their investment in the bank to be transformed. Within this context, the Italian Constitutional Court has recently ruled in favour of the legitimacy of those restrictions, as they would implement European law and could be considered in line with previous findings of the European Court of Justice and the jurisprudence of the European Convention on Human Rights. The Article draws on this ruling to explore the possibility to advance a conceptual framework for a “banking constitutional law” based on the general principles of proportionality and reasonableness of the legislative measures.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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